The Mention of Hildhood Appears Again and Again
Overview
What is chickenpox?
Chickenpox is an infection that causes a peel rash. The illness is caused by a germ called varicella-zoster virus. (Chickenpox itself is as well chosen varicella-zoster.) Most people will get the virus when they're young if they haven't had a chickenpox vaccine.
A child with chickenpox can easily give the virus to other children. Chickenpox today is much less common because most children are vaccinated when they are immature. Before the kickoff vaccine against chickenpox was approved in the U.S. in 1995, about everyone got chickenpox. Very few had complications.
One time you've had chickenpox, y'all won't catch it once again from some other person. If you lot're not vaccinated, yous tin become chickenpox at any age. Adults who go chickenpox may become very sick, so it's improve to have chickenpox when you lot're a child, or prevent getting it by existence vaccinated.
How is chickenpox spread?
Children can go chickenpox at whatsoever age. After existence exposed to chickenpox, your kid may appear to be fine for 1 to iii weeks before feeling sick. Children can spread the virus from one day before they evidence signs of illness to about five days later on a skin rash appears.
The virus is spread by:
- Coming in contact with someone who has chickenpox.
- Animate air from an infected person who sneezes or coughs.
- Coming in contact with fluids from an infected child'southward eyes, nose or mouth.
What is the difference between smallpox and chickenpox?
Chickenpox and smallpox are both diseases that produce rashes on the skin, but they are dissimilar. For one thing, smallpox is a much more than serious disease, causing severe illness and death. They are acquired by different viruses.
While the ii diseases both produce rashes, the rashes themselves develop at different times and the rashes await different. Smallpox pustules expect the same as each other, while the chickenpox rash develops in waves. The individual spots don't look the aforementioned and some form scabs while others are still blistering.
There's another important divergence. A massive global vaccination program has eradicated (wiped out) smallpox.
Symptoms and Causes
What are the signs and symptoms of chickenpox?
Signs of chickenpox are easy to see. Healthcare providers often can look at a child'southward skin and know if he or she has chickenpox. Signs of chickenpox normally happen in the following order:
- Fever.
- Feeling tired.
- Headache.
- A stomachache that lasts for i or two days.
- A skin rash that is very itchy and looks like many small blisters.
- Bumps filled with a liquid that looks similar milky water.
- Scabs after the blisters suspension.
- Skin that looks blotchy.
- Spots that fade away.
Diagnosis and Tests
How is chickenpox diagnosed?
Signs of chickenpox are piece of cake to see. Healthcare providers often can look at a child's pare and know if they have chickenpox.
Management and Treatment
How tin I aid my child with chickenpox?
Make certain your child gets enough of residuum and fluids. Chickenpox will get away on its own in a week or ii. To help your child feel less itchy, you tin:
- Printing a cool, moist rag on the rash.
- Keep your child absurd.
- Encourage your kid non to scratch. Trim their fingernails and so they tin't scratch.
- Put a lotion with antihistamines on the rash. These lotions are bachelor at the drugstore. If you don't know what to purchase, inquire the pharmacist for help.
- Requite your child an over-the-counter (OTC) class of antihistamine. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl®) and cetirizine (Zyrtec®) are two examples of OTC antihistamines.
- Give your child a cool bath or shower every day. You can also give your kid an oatmeal bath. When you're drying them off, don't rub with the towel. Pat your child dry out.
Don't give your child aspirin. Aspirin tin can harm children who have fevers. If your child needs a pain reliever, use acetaminophen (such as Tylenol®). If y'all're non sure what product to apply, inquire your healthcare provider or chemist.
To prevent dehydration, give your kid fluids. Cold fluids and a soft bland diet will assistance if they have mouth sores.
What if my infant gets chickenpox?
If your newborn baby (upward to historic period 3 months) gets chickenpox, allow your healthcare provider know right abroad. Chickenpox is more dangerous to newborns than to other healthy people.
What complications are possible with chickenpox?
Complications from chickenpox are unlikely, just possible. They may include:
- Bacterial infections of the peel, blood, and soft tissues.
- Encephalitis.
- Pneumonia.
- Becoming dehydrated.
- Blood clotting or healing problems.
- Liver bug.
Who is more likely to accept complications from chickenpox?
Healthy people who get chickenpox don't usually have complications. However, having a severe instance of chickenpox could be more dangerous for very young babies, teenagers, meaning people and people with immunity issues, such as transplant patients. This group also includes people with cancer or HIV or people being treated with chemotherapy or steroids.
Can chickenpox be fatal?
It'southward very unlikely that you will dice from chickenpox. Most people recover without complications. However, people have died from chickenpox. In the U.S., that number has dropped to virtually 20 people per year afterward mass vaccinations from some 100 deaths per year before vaccines were available. Hospitalizations decreased 84% from over x,000 per twelvemonth.
Prevention
Tin my kid get a shot to prevent chickenpox?
Yes, there'southward a vaccine for chickenpox. Information technology'due south recommended, then ask your healthcare provider about the vaccine.
What should I know almost the chickenpox vaccine?
Two doses are recommended. When your child is under the historic period of thirteen, they should get 1 dose betwixt the ages of 12 and15 months, and the second betwixt the ages of four and six years.
If y'all're 13 or older and never got the vaccine, y'all should get ii doses at least 28 days apart.
There is a vaccine that's merely for chickenpox called Varivax®. There is another called ProQuad® that protects against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV).
Vaccination is over 90% effective at preventing chickenpox.
Who shouldn't get the chickenpox vaccine?
There are people who shouldn't get the chickenpox vaccine. You shouldn't get the chickenpox vaccine if you lot:
- Are allergic to the vaccine or to whatsoever office of the vaccine.
- Are pregnant or think you might be pregnant.
- Have problems with your immune system.
- Have tuberculosis.
- Aren't feeling well. (Get the vaccine when yous feel ameliorate.)
- Recently had a blood transfusion or any other live vaccines.
Talk with your healthcare provider virtually whether or not yous should exist vaccinated.
Outlook / Prognosis
Tin adults go chickenpox?
When children get chickenpox, their bodies fight the disease by making a substance chosen antibodies. The antibodies fight the virus and help the body get well. These antibodies stay in your body throughout your life. If an adult comes in contact with the virus, the antibodies are there to fight the germ.
What are shingles?
In adults, the chickenpox virus (varicella zoster) tin can get active over again. When that happens, it causes an disease caused shingles. People "take hold of" shingles from their own chickenpox virus. People who have shingles can spread chickenpox to people who haven't had chickenpox. Notwithstanding, you lot can't become shingles unless you've had chickenpox.
Shingles is also called herpes zoster, simply it's not the same as genital herpes. Like chickenpox, it looks like a rash made up of small bumps. Shingles tin can be painful and tin can take a while to heal. It will usually get away on its ain in a calendar week or ii. There are vaccines to preclude shingles. Talk to your healthcare provider to see which one is right for yous.
Living With
When should you lot call your healthcare provider if your kid has chickenpox?
Telephone call your healthcare provider if your child:
- Is acting sick and has a severe headache.
- Has sores in their optics.
- Has sores that get bigger or take pus in them.
- Has difficulty breathing or is breathing very fast.
When tin can my kid go back to school?
Your child tin go back to schoolhouse virtually seven to 10 days after the rash appears. You don't need to wait for the scabs to heal, just you do demand to wait until all the blisters have scabbed over. Y'all're contagious while the blisters have fluid.
Ofttimes Asked Questions
What are the three stages of chickenpox?
The three stages of chickenpox unremarkably refer to the style the rash looks. Phase one is a red and bumpy rash. Stage 2 is the fluid-filled blistered rash. Stage three is when the blisters intermission and scab over.
Where does chickenpox ordinarily start?
You commonly commencement getting chickenpox on your face up and trunk (your breast and your back). From there, it spreads to the rest of your torso.
Can I get chicken pox twice?
It's rare for anyone to go chickenpox twice, but it can happen.
How many days does it take to recover from chickenpox?
Chickenpox ordinarily goes abroad after x to 14 days.
A note from Cleveland Clinic
Before the vaccine for chickenpox was developed, the infection caused deaths and hospitalizations. The available vaccine is over 90% effective at preventing this once-mutual childhood illness. If you don't become chickenpox, you lot won't get shingles, a painful condition that happens because the virus that causes chickenpox stays in your torso long after the rash is gone. While there are home remedies to deal with chickenpox and shingles symptoms, vaccination makes that unnecessary.
Source: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4017-chickenpox
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